Ch 4 · Business Cycles & National Income

🧮 Formula sheet

1. 1.GDP = C + I + G + (X − M) [Expenditure method]
2. 2.NDP = GDP − Depreciation
3. 3.GNP = GDP + NFIA
4. 4.Per Capita Income = National Income / Population
5. 5.Real GDP = (Nominal GDP / Deflator) × 100