Core concepts
- 01Corporate Governance — board structure, audit committee, independent directors.
- 02SEBI LODR — Listing Obligations & Disclosure Requirements for listed entities.
- 03Sec 177/178 Companies Act — Audit Committee, Nomination & Remuneration Committee.
- 04ICAI Code of Ethics — independence threats during multi-disciplinary engagements.
- 05Whistleblower mechanism + vigil mechanism — Sec 177(9).
Flowchart
Corporate Governance Pillars | Board (composition, independence) | Committees: Audit, NRC, Stakeholders Relationship, Risk Mgmt, CSR | Disclosures: SEBI LODR, BRSR | Oversight: NFRA, SEBI, MCA
Exam-critical pointers
- ⭐Independent Director: criteria under Sec 149(6); restrictions on tenure (max 2 terms of 5 yrs).
- ⭐Related Party Transactions: Sec 188 + SEBI LODR Reg 23 — material RPTs need shareholder approval.
- ⭐Whistleblower protection: Sec 177(10) — non-disclosure of identity, no victimisation.
- ⭐BRSR Core 9 attributes assured by FY 2026-27 for top 1000 listed.
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